Transport of sugars and amino acids in bacteria. IV. Regulation of valine transport activity by valine and cysteine.

The properties of the carrier for isoleucine in Escherichia coli were studied using cytoplasmic membrane vesicles (IM vesicles) prepared by the method of Yamato, Anraku, and Hirosawa (J. Biochem. 77, 705 (1975)). The IM vesicles exhibited respiration-dependent isoleucine transport activity which was more than 30-fold higher than that of "Kaback vesicles" prepared by our hand from the same strains of E. coli K12. The isoleucine carrier activity of IM vesicles was inhibited by norleucine but not by threonine. The carrier was driven by proton motive force. Mutants were isolated which had lost the carrier activity for isoleucine, as judged by assay with IM vesicles. Using these mutants, the effects of binding proteins specific for branched chain amino acids on the translocation of substrate in IM vesicles were studied. Leucine-isoleucine-valine-threonine-binding protein (LIVT-binding protein) stimulated the initial rate of isoleucine uptake by IM vesicles only when the vesicles possessed carrier activity and it did not affect the Kt value for entry of substrate. This evidence suggests the partial reconstitution of the osmotic shock-sensitive transport reaction in which the binding protein seems to affect the carrier activity with turnover ability.